¿Qué es un SCR?

Por: wadmin 30/06/2021 36 Comentarios Blog de "La Electrónica",

¿QUÉ ES UN SCR?

Como sabemos, un diodo permite el paso de la corriente eléctrica en una dirección y bloquea la corriente eléctrica en otra dirección. Además, el diodo convierte la corriente alterna en corriente continua. Este comportamiento único de los diodos permite construir diferentes tipos de rectificadores, como rectificadores de media onda, onda completa, onda completa y puente, entre otros.

Los rectificadores de media onda, onda completa, onda completa y puente, utilizan diodos de unión PN normales (diodos de dos capas). Sin embargo, estos rectificadores (diodos) no pueden operar a altos voltajes.

Debido a este inconveniente, los científicos han desarrollado un tipo especial de rectificador conocido como: rectificador controlado por silicio (“Silicon Controlled Rectifier”) o SCR. Diseñados para soportar altos voltajes.

DEFINICIÓN DE RECTIFICADOR CONTROLADO POR SILICIO

Es un dispositivo semiconductor de control de corriente, que está formado por 4 capas y cuenta con 3 terminales. Este se utiliza principalmente en dispositivos para el control de alta potencia y convierte corrientes alternas altas en corrientes continuas.

El rectificador controlado de silicio también es conocido como: “diodo SCR, diodo de 4 capas o tiristor”. 

Al igual que un diodo de unión PN normal, el SCR es un dispositivo de control de corriente unidireccional, permite el paso de la corriente eléctrica en una sola dirección y bloquea el paso de la corriente eléctrica en otra dirección. 

Un diodo normal de unión PN está hecho de dos capas de semiconductor de tipo P y tipo N. Sin embargo, un diodo SCR está hecho de 4 capas semiconductoras de materiales alternados de tipo P y tipo N.

SÍMBOLO ESQUEMÁTICO

Un rectificador controlado por silicio consta de tres terminales, ánodo (A), cátodo (C o K) y compuerta (P o G).

El ánodo es un electrodo cargado positivamente a través del cual la corriente ingresa, el cátodo es un electrodo cargado negativamente del cual la corriente sale, la puerta (compuerta) controla el flujo de corriente entre el ánodo y el cátodo.

Coméntanos, ¿te fue útil esta información?

36 Comentarios

Gabriela:
10/04/2023, 09:57:14 AM
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Bendiciones!

Luis Herrera:
07/06/2025, 05:06:50 PM

Muy útil la información, gracias por compartir esos conocimientos

krystopher:
18/07/2023, 08:58:54 PM
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muy bien

Rafael Mecina:
16/01/2024, 05:26:27 PM
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Excelente

Modesto Mateo Alave Torres:
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bueno

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Exelente

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