¿Qué es y cómo funciona un L293D?

Por: wadmin 08/09/2021 45 Comentarios Blog de "La Electrónica",

PUENTE H L293D

 

 

 

 

El circuito integrado L293D es un controlador de motores de corriente directa, el cual nos permite hacer funcionar dos motores DC al mismo tiempo y nos proporciona el control de forma independiente de la dirección de giro de cada motor. 

 

 

 

Circuito integrado L293D

 

 

 

¿QUÉ MOTORES DC PUEDO CONTROLAR?

 

 

 

Este circuito integrado nos permite utilizar motores con un voltaje de funcionamiento inferior a 36 voltios y una corriente de funcionamiento no mayor a 600 mili amperios.

 

 

 

Motor DC 130

 

 

 

¿CÓMO FUNCIONA ESTE CIRCUITO INTEGRADO?

 

 

 

El funcionamiento de este controlador de motor L293D se basa en el principio básico de Puente H. Esta configuración permite que el voltaje fluya en cualquier dirección, se utiliza para hacer funcionar motores en sentido horario como en sentido antihorario.

 

 

 

Diagrama de conexiones

 

 

 

Este CI L293D cuenta con 2 puente H incorporados, actúa como un amplificador de corriente ya que toma una señal de baja corriente en su entrada y proporciona una señal de corriente más alta en la salida para impulsar diferentes cargas, por ejemplo; motores paso a paso y motores DC.

 

 

 

 

DIAGRAMA DE PINES

 

 

 

 

Pin 1 (Habilitador 1,2): cuando el pin de habilitación está alto (1 lógico), la parte izquierda del IC funcionará; de lo contrario, no funcionará. Este pin también se denomina pin de control maestro.

 

Pin 2 (Entrada 1): cuando el pin de entrada está alto (1 lógico), el flujo de corriente pasará por la salida 1.

 

Pin 3 (Salida 1): este pin de salida debe conectarse a una de las terminales del motor A.

 

Pin 4 y 5 (Tierra): estos son pines de tierra.

 

Pin 6 (Salida 2): Este pin de salida debe conectarse a una de las terminales del motor A.

 

Pin 7 (Entrada 2): cuando el pin de entrada es alto (1 lógico), el flujo de corriente pasará por la salida 2.

 

Pin 8 (Vcc 2): este pin se utiliza para suministrar voltaje al motor.

 

 

 

Pines de L293D

 

 

 

Pin 9 (Habilitador 3,4): cuando el pin de habilitación está alto (1 lógico), la parte derecha del IC funcionará; de lo contrario, no funcionará. Este pin también se denomina pin de control maestro.

 

Pin 10 (Entrada 3): cuando el pin de entrada está alto (1 lógico), el flujo de corriente pasará por la salida 3.

 

Pin 11 (Salida 3): este pin de salida debe conectarse a una de las terminales del motor B.

 

Pin 12 y 13 (Tierra): estos son pines de tierra.

 

Pin 14 (Salida 4): este pin de salida debe conectarse a una de las terminales del motor B.

 

Pin 15 (Entrada 4): cuando el pin de entrada está alto (1 lógico), el flujo de corriente pasará por la salida 4.

 

Pin 16 (Vss 1): este pin es la fuente de alimentación del circuito integrado.

 

 

 

 

 

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